According to BJX Wind Power Network, the "14th Five-Year Plan" for Energy Technology Innovation and Development of Guizhou Province has recently been issued, which includes major scientific and technological demonstrations: taking Hezhang County as a pilot, carrying out the construction of a wind-solar complementary demonstration base project with "2 million kilowatts of photovoltaic projects and 300,000 kilowatts of wind power projects." Through full lifecycle quantification, analysis, control, and decision-making of the physical and working objects of the power station, the project aims to achieve efficient, clean, economical, and safe operation. To accelerate the promotion of energy technology innovation, effectively support the construction of a safe and efficient energy technology innovation system, and achieve the goals of "carbon peak and carbon neutrality," according to the deployment of Guizhou Province's "14th Five-Year Plan" for energy development and technology innovation planning, the Provincial Energy Bureau and the Provincial Department of Science and Technology jointly compiled the "14th Five-Year Plan" for Energy Technology Innovation and Development of Guizhou Province, strengthening the intelligent, precise, and digital development of power technology. With the development of various power generation methods such as hydropower, coal power, and photovoltaics, the power grid will undergo large-scale grid connection. As an important province for "West-to-East Power Transmission," the province's electricity demand inside and outside is gradually increasing, which will lead to grid balance issues. In terms of load types, the means of participating in load response should develop towards more diversified, precise, and digital methods, focusing on the construction of intelligent power generation, intelligent power distribution, and intelligent operation and maintenance, improving supporting infrastructure such as smart power stations, effectively enhancing the automation level of demand response, and achieving refined management. At the same time, to ensure safe and intelligent power generation, it is urgent to carry out research on key technologies such as precise fault location, fault isolation, and self-healing of lines, to achieve a network for safe power consumption, transmission, and intelligent diagnosis, and to enhance the safety and intelligence level of power development. Energy is the foundation for promoting economic and social development and is an important material guarantee and driving force for the survival and development of human society. Energy technology innovation plays a crucial role in the development of the energy industry. Based on the actual situation of the province's energy technology development, adhering to demand orientation, problem orientation, and goal orientation, deeply implementing the new mechanism for energy industry operation, accelerating the promotion of energy technology innovation, effectively supporting the construction of a safe and efficient energy technology innovation system and the realization of the "carbon peak and carbon neutrality" goals, closely combining the development of new technologies such as big data and new infrastructure, and driving the province's industrial optimization and upgrading through energy technology innovation and its derivative industries, is of great strategic significance for achieving high-quality economic and social development in the province. The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is the first five-year plan period for China to comprehensively build a modern socialist country, and it is also a period of six overlapping stages for Guizhou Province. The province's energy development faces new situations. Compiling a forward-looking, strategic, and comprehensive "14th Five-Year Plan" for Energy Technology Innovation and Development of Guizhou Province (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan") scientifically plans and deploys the province's energy technology development trends, laying the foundation for energy technology innovation to be an important engine for high-quality energy development. This "Plan" covers multiple fields such as coal, electricity, oil and gas, and new energy. By soliciting opinions and suggestions from energy industry management departments, research institutions, and energy enterprises across the province, it systematically analyzes the current situation of the province's energy technology development, scientifically judges the needs and development trends in the field of energy technology, and proposes five key innovation tasks: safe, efficient, green, and intelligent coal mining; oil and gas energy development; safe and intelligent power; new energy development; and digital energy and comprehensive energy technology. It deploys related work around core technology breakthroughs, major scientific and technological demonstrations, and the promotion and application of advanced applicable technologies, and proposes six safeguard measures. During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, the province relied on technological innovation to empower the transformation and upgrading of the energy industry. With the active development of various energy fields, it effectively promoted the safe, efficient, green, and intelligent development of the energy industry and achieved a series of results. First, the achievements in the "two modernizations" transformation of coal mines are significant. Through the deep integration of big data and the coal industry, exploring a new model of intelligent coal mining that conforms to Guizhou's actual conditions, based on "mining mechanization, control intelligence, and management informatization" plus integrated big data, the first intelligent coal mining face for coal and gas outburst mines under complex geological conditions in the southwest region was built, solving the problem of large dip angles in down-dip coal seams and opening a new model of intelligent mining and "unmanned driving" for comprehensive mining faces in Guizhou coal mines; breaking through the difficulties of mechanized mining equipment, technology, and processes for steeply inclined coal seams greater than 65 degrees; coal mine robot inspections achieve 24-hour automatic inspection of belts; formulating the first national intelligent coal mine technical standard, taking the lead in issuing the "Interim Measures for Intelligent Mechanized Construction and Acceptance of Coal Mines in Guizhou Province," forming an intelligent technical standard system with Guizhou characteristics and filling the national gap; achieving "six firsts" in the field of national coal mine intelligent mechanization, launching the "list" project for fewer-person/unmanned mines, and entering the first batch of alternative lists for national unmanned/fewer-person demonstration mines. As of the end of 2020, the province's production coal mines achieved a dynamic coal mining mechanization rate of 100%, an auxiliary system intelligence coverage rate of 100%, built 13 intelligent coal mining faces, reduced underground personnel by nearly 10,000 people, greatly reduced annual labor costs, and accelerated the pace of high-quality transformation and upgrading of the coal industry. Second, the pace of high-quality transformation and upgrading of the coal industry has accelerated. Taking the lead in building a provincial-level "Energy Cloud" comprehensive application management platform, coal mine ground centralized control platforms remotely control coal mining operations, and the Energy Cloud platform conducts prediction, early warning, and comprehensive decision analysis, realizing five major functions: dispatch statistics, geographic information, prediction and early warning, video monitoring, and target management; comprehensively promoting directional long-hole large-area pre-drainage of coal seam gas technology, building billion-cubic-meter-scale coal mine gas drainage large-scale mining areas; the "drainage before construction" national demonstration project was successfully ignited; carrying out the first domestic test of large-dip-angle filling mining with dip angles above 30 degrees; underground coal gasification technology overcame multiple major key technologies, achieving underground coal gasification ignition; carrying out key technology research on "coal mine roadway support" under complex geological conditions, reaching the "international leading level"; for the first time issuing the "Catalogue for the Promotion of New Technologies, New Processes, and New Equipment for Coal Mine Gas Prevention in Guizhou Province (First Batch)," promoting the improvement of coal mine gas control technology and system construction. Third, breakthroughs were made in the energy equipment manufacturing industry, filling the gap in this field in the province. Guiyang Linhai Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. produced the province's first directional drilling rig, which has been applied in exploration and gas drainage drilling construction; China Coal Panjiang Heavy Industry Co., Ltd. developed intelligent and mechanized complete sets of fully mechanized mining and excavation equipment suitable for the special geological conditions of coal mines in the southwest region; Chongqing Push Guizhou Branch, as a key introduced manufacturer of coal mine gas power generation equipment, mainly produces high-end equipment such as gas power generation, biogas power generation, and natural gas cold-heat power generation units; in the power field, it overcame the overall forming manufacturing technology of special nickel-based high-temperature alloy irregular ring forgings for nuclear power - reactor internals guide flow baffle assembly, aerospace high-reliability extreme environment fan and motor technology, developed aerospace magnetic latching high-voltage DC contactors and single-layer chip ceramic capacitors, achieving a major breakthrough in power system equipment. Fourth, the transformation and upgrading of the power industry achieved high-quality development. Formulating an action plan for the revitalization of the clean and efficient power industry, implementing "six major actions," the coal power planning and construction risk warning changed from red to green, the Weihe Power Plant was listed as a national demonstration project, implementing the competitive allocation policy for photovoltaic power generation projects, photovoltaic power generation projects obtained competitive subsidies, ranking first in the country in project scale and subsidy scale; the project "Key Technologies and Equipment Development for Controllable Ice Melting of Power Grids and Large-Scale Application," mainly completed by Guizhou Electric Power Research Institute, won the highest-level award - the Electric Power Innovation Technology Grand Prize; the first five-terminal DC distribution demonstration project in China was officially put into operation in Guizhou, creating "five firsts"; fruitful results were achieved in key technologies for energy-saving of thermal power generation in Guizhou, grid chip-based protection technology, SF6 electrical equipment insulation state monitoring systems based on multi-sensor technology, key technologies for precise simulation calculation and situational awareness of grid overvoltage, high specific energy zinc-silver battery technology for space use, key technologies for internal electrical/thermal fault diagnosis and state assessment of gas-insulated equipment, and key technologies for intelligent transmission and transformation equipment based on panoramic monitoring and data flow collaborative management and control. Fifth, breakthroughs were made in surface coalbed methane extraction technology, and the level of development and utilization is steadily advancing. The occurrence patterns and reservoir-forming characteristics of coalbed methane resources in the province were identified, and a batch of core key technologies were formed in development geological evaluation such as favorable areas, favorable well positions, and favorable intervals. Breakthrough progress was made in vertical well (including directional well) development technology with "layer selection perforation, staged fracturing, and combined layer drainage" as the core, with average daily extraction volume increased by 2 to 5 times compared with the "12th Five-Year Plan" period, and production capacity of 1000-2000 m3/d has been achieved in multiple wells in multiple areas; in terms of horizontal wells, the Guipan Coal HF well set four provincial records for coalbed methane horizontal well drilling construction: deepest drilling depth, largest burial depth, longest horizontal section, and highest target layer drilling rate, marking an initial breakthrough in coalbed methane horizontal well drilling and completion technology in Guizhou; initially built demonstration projects for coalbed methane gathering, transportation, and utilization in Dahebian, Songhe, Zhijin, etc., and surface coalbed methane development and utilization are steadily advancing. Sixth, large-scale shale gas exploration and development have shown initial results, with breakthroughs in some areas. The province's shale gas develops in multiple shale formations including the Ordovician Wufeng Formation - Silurian Longmaxi Formation, Carboniferous Dawuba Formation (Jiusi Formation), etc., with predicted total resources as high as 13.54 trillion m3, 26 favorable enrichment areas, and predicted recoverable resources totaling 1.95 trillion m3; the achievement "Research on Shale Gas Accumulation Patterns and Prospecting Breakthroughs in the Paleozoic Passive Continental Margin of Guizhou" won the first prize of the Provincial Science and Technology Progress Award; exploration breakthroughs were achieved in the Longmaxi Formation in the Zheng'an block, with test daily production of 53,500 m3 and 58,000 m3 for Anyi 2HF well and Anyi 4HF well respectively, initially possessing the foundation for scale development, gradually forming a shale gas exploration and development technology system in northern Guizhou; a major discovery was made in the new interval of the Carboniferous Jiusi Formation, with Shuiye 1 well reaching over 20,000 m3/d without fracturing; Sinopec achieved a new breakthrough in normal-pressure shale gas exploration in the complex structural area outside the Sichuan Basin at the Daoxian HF well, encountering a high-quality shale gas layer 31m thick during drilling, setting 7 domestic records for shale gas horizontal well fracturing construction, which is of great significance for promoting shale gas exploration and development in Guizhou. Seventh, the application of new energy comprehensive utilization technology has achieved remarkable results. Actively promoting and applying wind power, photovoltaic, and other new energy equipment suitable for the province's geographical and climatic conditions, selecting wind turbine units suitable for the province's low wind speed, high altitude, and frequent winter freezing characteristics, developing high-efficiency inverter structures and photovoltaic data platform technology for electric energy utilization architecture, improving efficiency and reducing maintenance costs; shallow geothermal energy service area exceeds 5 million m2; breakthroughs were made in projects such as the development of heating equipment for biomass fuel curing barns, key technologies for the preparation and performance of hydrogen-co-doped diamond large single crystals, clean combustion integration technology for ultra-low calorific value coal slime, cathode and interface modification materials for organic solar cells, new preparation technology for manganese-based cathode materials for new energy vehicle power batteries, development of dual-fuel mixed combustion engine control systems with equivalent heat value exchange, and theoretical and applied basic research on solar materials, with research results winning the Provincial Science and Technology Progress Award. Eighth, building a regional characteristic innovation system and strengthening the construction of industrial technology innovation capabilities. Innovation platforms such as the Guizhou Province Unconventional Natural Gas Exploration, Development and Utilization Engineering Research Center, Guizhou Province Distributed Energy Technology Application Engineering Research Center, and Guizhou Energy Planning Research Center were established, and technology innovation platforms such as Guizhou Province's "Energy Cloud" were built. Focusing on regional characteristic strategic emerging industries and high-tech industries such as the province's energy industry and big data, key common technologies of the industry were overcome, the industrialization of major scientific and technological innovation achievements was promoted, and a set of scientific and efficient scientific and technological engineering technology systems suitable for the energy development and utilization needs of Guizhou Province and the southwest region of China was gradually established. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, following the characteristics and laws of the energy field, scientific and technological innovation development should clarify the spatiotemporal positioning, adapt to the provincial conditions of Guizhou, focus on demand goals, and implement innovation-driven development. First, intelligent coal mining will be the focus of new infrastructure under the new normal of energy. From the three levels of "construction methods, standards, and equipment," vigorously promote the deep integration of the coal-based energy industry with technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence, industrial Internet of Things, cloud computing, robots, and intelligent equipment, giving rise to an intelligent construction system that conforms to the coal resource occurrence and mining status of the province and even the southwest region, solving the problems faced by Guizhou coal mining such as high gas, thin coal seams, and complex structures, and gradually achieving key process breakthroughs from "unmanned underground, coal on the surface" to "unmanned underground, no coal on the surface"; focus on promoting systematic intelligent construction in qualified large coal mines, strengthening key technologies for coal mining robots, transportation robots, tunneling robots, safety control robots, and rescue robots, promoting the application of coal mine robots in key underground positions, advancing the application of underground coal gasification resource evaluation and gas component control and separation technology and equipment, strengthening the construction of transparent working faces, building a "one map" platform for coal mines, achieving safe production and operation based on a geographic information map, and initially forming an intelligent coal mine system suitable for Guizhou's actual conditions. Second, green mining and clean utilization will be a new starting point for high-quality development of the energy industry. From the three levels of "filling mining technology, abandoned mines, and intelligent coal sorting and processing," promote the construction of green mines, form a batch of replicable and promotable new models for green development of mineral resources and green industrial development, and form complete sets of equipment, processes, and technologies; strengthen the utilization of abandoned mines, carry out mine ecological restoration technology, turn abandoned mines into treasures, and achieve four transformations: from "focusing on resource development" to "paying equal attention to resources and environment," from "extensive waste" to "intensive and efficient," from "factor-driven" to "innovation-driven," and from "tense mine-community relations" to "harmonious co-construction and sharing"; through carrying out intelligent coal sorting and processing technology, establishing a sorting process database, supported by fault characteristic data analysis, developing an intelligent diagnosis and management system for coal preparation equipment, realizing real-time monitoring, online analysis, fault diagnosis, and full lifecycle intelligent management of equipment status, and forming an intelligent coal preparation technology system. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, track the frontier technologies of domestic carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) development, introduce and apply mature technologies, actively explore and plan related industrial development layouts, and promote the realization of the "carbon peak and carbon neutrality" goals. Third, oil and gas development and utilization will be a new orientation for energy supply security. Strengthen technical research on unconventional natural gas exploration and development, improve the construction of large-capacity natural gas pipeline engineering systems, overcome shale gas fracturing technology, use cloud computing, big data, and the Internet of Things to establish intelligent development and utilization technologies, thereby establishing data centers to provide strong guarantees for the safe, environmentally friendly, efficient, and reliable operation of oil and gas pipeline networks. On this basis, based on digital pipelines, through the deep integration of new generation information technologies such as cloud computing, big data, the Internet of Things, mobile internet, and artificial intelligence with oil and gas pipeline technology, carry out intelligent construction of oil and gas pipelines to achieve full lifecycle management of pipelines. The construction of intelligent pipelines not only provides guarantees for safe pipeline operation but also plays an important role in resource allocation and market monitoring, promoting the stable and efficient development of the oil and gas industry. Fourth, safe and intelligent power will be a new way to optimize energy layout. Urban grid equipment develops towards compact, pollution-free, high-reliability, intelligent, and combined types; the development direction of transmission and transformation products: large capacity, ultra-high voltage, combined, oil-free, intelligent, short-circuit resistant, high reliability, and maintenance-free, strengthen grid system operation and maintenance and disaster emergency management and control technologies, establish small power grids covering underground coal gasification, power generation, transmission and distribution, and charging and swapping links, construct energy internet according to industrial internet standards, form complete sets of technologies, software, and equipment, propose the overall architecture of situational awareness and situational guidance technology for intelligent distribution networks, explore key technologies for situational awareness and intelligent management and control of distribution networks, and provide new ways for the transformation and development of smart grids. Fifth, new energy technology will be the driving point for the transformation of energy development roles. Improve the survey and evaluation of shallow geothermal energy and medium-deep geothermal energy, identify the geological conditions, thermal reservoir characteristics, and geothermal resource reserves of shallow geothermal energy in major urban concentrated areas of the province and medium-deep geothermal energy (hydrothermal type) in conditional areas, evaluate the technical and economic conditions for their exploitation, develop biomass energy according to local conditions, focus on developing gas production and heating projects, research key technologies and complete sets of equipment for biomass power generation, and further expand the development and utilization of new energy and renewable energy. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, track the frontier technologies of domestic hydrogen energy development, apply mature hydrogen energy technologies, reserve hydrogen refueling station locations in comprehensive refueling stations, and prepare for the large-scale development of the hydrogen energy industry in the future. Sixth, a comprehensive innovation service platform will be a booster for energy technology innovation. There are many imported, digested, and absorbed technologies, but relatively few original, leading, and disruptive technologies. The phenomenon of high "external dependence" of key core technologies in major energy engineering construction is still relatively common; there is a phenomenon of "scattered but not strong" industry-university-research in major energy technology innovation, and it is urgent to establish and improve new systems and mechanisms for major technology research that adapt to the laws of the market economy; build a provincial energy industry development innovation platform, focus on serving energy, focus on main business development, fully undertake the province's energy industry strategic planning, policy research, and publicity services and other new functions and responsibilities, build it into a "refined, special, excellent, professional, and new" national digital energy and comprehensive energy demonstration base, help the high-quality transformation and development of energy, and achieve "overall advanced." Form an upstream and downstream industrial chain with coal mines as the carrier, fully leverage the province's coal industry advantages, continue to deepen the multi-wheel-driven diversified supply system of electricity, oil, gas, and new energy, strengthen the construction of scientific research platforms in various energy fields, and help the green, safe, efficient, and intelligent development of energy. According to the analysis of the energy structure in the "14th Five-Year Plan" for Energy Development of Guizhou Province, by 2025, the province's coal consumption proportion will still account for about 70%, and during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the province's energy pattern dominated by coal will not change. Therefore, during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, fully leveraging the province's coal industry advantages, increasing the development of new energy, and further deepening the multi-wheel-driven diversified supply system of coalbed methane and shale gas are in line with the characteristics and needs of the province's energy field. First, increasing the research, integration, and demonstration of coal mine gas prevention technologies is the prerequisite and guarantee for achieving safe, efficient, and intelligent coal mining and playing the role of coal as a "ballast stone." The gas geological conditions of Guizhou coal mining areas are "congenitally" poor, with many coal seams, mostly short-distance outburst coal seam groups, generally 3-20 minable seams, up to 80 seams; the distance between coal seams is small, the minimum is only 1.5m, and most are within 20m; the structure is complex, with many folds and faults, and the fault density reaches up to 188/km2, ranking first in the country; the maximum coal seam gas content reaches 39.89 m3/t, higher than Chongqing's 29 m3/t and Huainan's 36 m3/t; the coal seam gas pressure is high, with the measured maximum coal seam gas pressure reaching 4.49 MPa; the coal seam permeability is on the order of 10-6, 2-3 orders of magnitude lower than Huainan and 1 order of magnitude lower than Chongqing, and most main minable seams in various mining areas are difficult to drain, and gas drainage is generally difficult without pressure relief. The above characteristics also determine that there is no directly referenceable successful technology and experience for coal mine gas prevention in Guizhou at home and abroad. Therefore, increasing the promotion of gas prevention technology research, integration, and demonstration, analyzing and researching Guizhou coal mine gas prevention technology and advanced treatment experience, selecting advanced and applicable gas treatment technologies and equipment, constructing and gradually improving a gas treatment system suitable for Guizhou coal mining areas, and providing technical support for coal mine enterprises to treat gas. At the same time, through integrated innovation of key technologies such as gas geology, coal and gas outburst, and gas drainage under various typical geological conditions and disaster types, improve the adaptability and effectiveness of gas prevention technology in different regions, continuously enhance the capability and level of gas prevention, and promote the continuous and stable improvement of coal mine safety production. Second, the coalbed methane blocks have complex structures, so strengthen technical research on coalbed methane exploration and development such as horizontal wells. The shallow coalbed methane resources in Guizhou at depths less than 2000m reach 3.15 trillion m3. With continuous exploration of the development and utilization of coalbed methane (coal mine gas), while improving coal mine safety, the production of gas resources is continuously increased. From multiple dimensions such as clean energy supply and safe and efficient coal mining, a new "Guizhou prospect" for energy development is presented, but Guizhou coalbed methane has the characteristics of "one weak, two many, three high, and four large," namely weak water-richness in the Longtan Formation, many gas-controlling structure types and many coal seams, high coal seam gas content, high resource abundance, high reservoir pressure and geostress, and large coalbed methane resources, large coal rank variation, large coal seam permeability variation, and large vertical variation in geological conditions. On the one hand, it reflects the advantages of high coalbed methane resource enrichment, large reservoir energy, and huge development potential; on the other hand, there are unfavorable factors affecting coal seam permeability and reservoir stimulation. At the same time, facing problems such as "tectonically deformed coal is relatively developed, few available resources, difficulty in multi-layer co-mining, low resource utilization, large surface investment, and high development costs," through the application of new technologies, new concepts, and new equipment such as horizontal well drainage, continuously optimizing geological evaluation theory and mining processes, improving mining efficiency, and helping to solve the problem of "efficient surface development of tectonically deformed coal"; and since coal and coalbed methane are co-associated resources, carrying out "three-dimensional combined drainage of gas above and below ground" can help coal mines control gas, reduce the contradiction between coal and coalbed methane mining, and achieve integrated development of coal mining and gas extraction. Third, research on favorable area evaluation for production capacity construction, normal-pressure shale gas exploration and development theory and processes, etc., is urgently needed. Guizhou has many shale development layers and large predicted resources, but due to factors such as low geological work degree and complex structures, there are few favorable areas that can form production capacity. Currently, except for the Ordovician Wufeng Formation - Silurian Longmaxi Formation which has made breakthroughs in northern Guizhou, no effective exploration breakthroughs have been achieved in other regions and other layers. It is necessary to strengthen the research on favorable target selection and evaluation of shale gas with "reservoir conditions" and "preservation conditions" as the core, to provide technical support for exploration deployment. The preservation conditions of shale gas in Guizhou are generally poor. Currently, the shale gas that has achieved exploration breakthroughs in Guizhou generally shows normal pressure, with problems such as "low resource grade, low gas production peak, long production time, short stable production time, and poor economic benefits." Its formation mechanism, enrichment patterns, and effective exploration and development technologies are not yet clear. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out research on exploration and development theory and process technology for normal-pressure shale gas to provide a reliable basis for large-scale shale gas development. Fourth, strengthen the intelligent, precise, and digital development of power technology. With the development of various power generation methods such as hydropower, coal power, and photovoltaics, the power grid will undergo large-scale grid connection. As an important province for "West-to-East Power Transmission," the province's electricity demand inside and outside is gradually increasing, which will lead to grid balance issues. In terms of load types, the means of participating in load response should develop towards more diversified, precise, and digital methods, focusing on the construction of intelligent power generation, intelligent power distribution, and intelligent operation and maintenance, improving supporting infrastructure such as smart power stations, effectively enhancing the automation level of demand response, and achieving refined management.
